1000 x 1000
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global shortage of personal protective equipment. While existing supply chains are struggling to meet the surge in demand, the limited supply of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) has placed healthcare workers at risk. This paper presents a method for scalable and distributed manufacturing of FFR filter material based on a combination of centrifugal melt spinning utilizing readily available cotton candy machines as an example. The proposed method produces nonwoven polypropylene fabric material with filtering efficiency of up to 96% for particles 0.30-0.49 {\mu}m in diameter. We additionally demonstrate a scalable means to test for filtration efficiency and pressure drop to ensure a standardized degree of quality in the output material. We perform preliminary optimization of relevant parameters for scale-up and propose that this is a viable method to rapidly produce up to one million N95 FFRs per day in distributed manner with just six machines per site operating across 200 locations. We share this work as a starting point for others to rapidly construct, replicate and develop their own affordable modular processes aimed at producing high quality filtration material to address the current FFR shortage globally.
BIG QUESTION
“How can we design an instrument that can allow for distributed manufacturing of masks that meet industry standards?”
What is 1000 x 1000?
Project 1000x1000 is an alternate approach that focuses on localized manufacturing of non-woven polypropylene filtration media used in face filtering respirators (FFRs) through a production technique known as centrifugal melt spinning. This process uses a modified, commercially-available cotton candy machines to produce nano- and microscale non-woven fibers. Along with fiber production, a series of post processing strategies (used to transform the produced material into viable filtration media) were evaluated by characterizing the finished media (i.e. filtration efficiency and breathability) and comparing them against equivalent materials used in commercially-available FFRs. The current prototype was adapted in manufacturing facilities in India and Kenya to produce FFRs locally.
